Those scans can be loaded onto Ensite NavX or CARTO and matched with the real-time 3D image of the heart. Typically, patient CT or MRI scans may be taken a few days or weeks before the procedure. The CARTO and NavX systems are compatible with various mapping catheters.Įlectroanatomic mapping systems are sometimes called multi-modality mapping or image integration systems because they can show pictures or data from other sources.
#CARTO SYSTEM PATCH#
The latest generation of the Ensite NavX system, Ensite Velocity, uses body-surface patch electrodes to construct the 3D cardiac map. Six electrode patches, three on the patient’s back and three on the chest, track catheter movement and build a 3D map of a patient’s cardiac structures. The latest generation of the CARTO system, CARTO 3, uses an electroanatomic location pad located under the table where the patient lies. CARTO and Ensite NavX use different methods to do this.
Then, when the EP moves the catheter in a sweeping motion, the systems track the catheter’s location. These systems create a real-time 3D view of the heart by positioning a mapping catheter in the heart. However, the systems are expensive, so they are not available at all facilities. In addition, the use of an electroanatomic mapping system may lessen the time that EPs and patients are exposed to radiation. Additionally, they may reduce complications, such as perforation of the heart or esophagus. Each provides colorful 3D images that show variations in a patient’s anatomy.Įlectroanatomic mapping systems may assist EPs in assuring that lesions are contiguous (no gaps). The most common electroanatomic mapping systems for afib ablation are the Ensite NavX (Abbott) and CARTO (Biosense Webster). The zero fluoroscopy approach guided by the CARTO system is not inferior to the zero fluoroscopy approach guided by the EnSite system or a conventional fluoroscopic approach in terms of the efficiency and safety for ablation of SVT.Īblation radiation supraventricular tachycardia 3-dimensional zero fluoroscopy.Because of the shortcomings of fluoroscopy, some electrophysiologists (EPs) use electroanatomic mapping systems. The median (interquartile range) fluoroscopy time of the CF group was 3.6 (2.1-8.8) minutes. The mean (SD) procedure time was 61.8 (36.2), 66.5 (24.2), and 65.4 (27.5) minutes in the CF, EZF, and CZF group, respectively. There were no severe complications in any of the groups. A total of 100 patients (100%) in the CF group, 100 patients (100%) in the EZF group (100%), and 99 patients (99%) in the CZF group successfully completed the electrophysiology study. One patient from the CZF group was moved to the CF group due to a severe venous malformation during catheter insertion. Procedure and fluoroscopic time as well as rate of success, recurrence, and complications in the 3 groups were analyzed. All data were prospectively recorded by independent researchers. The procedures for the CF group were performed using the traditional fluoroscopy method or the 3‑dimensional mapping method. To compare the safety and efficacy of zero fluoroscopy ablation of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) guided by the CARTO mapping system (CZF) alone, the EnSite zero fluoroscopy mapping system (EZF) alone, or the conventional fluoroscopy (CF) ablation method.įrom July 2015 to March 2017, patients admitted for SVT ablation were prospectively and consecutively enrolled in the CF, EZF, and CZF groups in a 1:1:1 ratio. A zero fluoroscopy approach guided by a 3‑dimensional navigation system is an alternative to the traditional conventional fluoroscopy‑navigation approach for ablation of tachycardia.
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